Kol Ramah

Parashat Nitzavim-Va-yelekh [Deuteronomy 29:9-31:30] is the last of the 7 shabbatot of comfort following Tisha B’Av [the 9th of Av, commemorating the destruction of the 2 temples, among other disasters to befall the Jewish people]. The Torah reading puts forth the claim that the covenant being concluded is not just with the people in the Plains of Moab, but also those who are not there [29:14], which was the spring board for the beginning of our discussion. We then moved on to the passage 30:11-20, which contains the verse made famous by the story of the Oven of Akhnai, לא בשמים היא [lo ba-shamayyim hee, “it is not in heaven”]. This led to a discussion of teshuvah [return to God or repentance] and tahanun [the penitential prayers recited after the amidah]. Finally, we considered some verses from Va-yelekh [31:7-8] regarding the appointment of Joshua as the successor to Moshe, with the command to חזק ואמץ [hazaq ve-amatz, “be strong and resolute’]. Since we will not be recording next week, when the first day

Parashat Ki Tavo [Deuteronomy 26:1-29:8] features one of my favorite Torah passages, the ritual of the bringing of the first fruits. The Israelite farmer is instructed to bring his first fruits to the kohen [priest] and recite a sacred history, recounting how his ancestor was a wandering Aramean who descended to Egypt few in number, became a great and numerous nation, was treated badly, enslaved, and oppressed until God heard his outcry and saw his affliction and rescued him with signs and wonders and led him to the Promised Land. And now having settled on the land the farmer brings his first fruits as a sign of God’s redemptive power and as a fulfillment of the divine promise. The rabbis take this passage and make it the heart of the Passover seder in the wake of the destruction of the Temple. Redemption no longer takes place in the Land in historical time; it takes place through the telling of the story at a meal infused with symbolic meaning. Shabbat Shalom!

Parashat Ki Tetze [Deuteronomy 21:9-25:19 is, to use a phrase that Eliot likes to use, the most mitzvah dense parashah, meaning there are more mitzvot in this parashah, over 70 of the 613, than in any other. That astounding fact raises some intriguing questions, the first one perhaps being why? Why this parashah? Do we say to ourselves when we get here, this is really what the Torah is about? This was the foundation of our conversation. Along the way, we happened to discuss some of the laws! Shabbat Shalom!!

Parashat Shoftim [16:18-21:9] is another rich parashah in Sefer D’varim [Book of Deuteronomy]. Jeffrey Tigay divides into two major sections: Civil and Religious Authorities [16:18-18:22] and Judicial and Military Matters [19:1-21:9]. Our conversation also divided into two parts: a discussion of 16:20, with its key phrase צדק צדק תרדוף [tzedeq tzedeq tirdof; Justice, justice you shall pursue] and some laws of warfare. We recorded on the eve of the first day of Rosh Hodesh Elul. Tomorrow night we begin reciting Psalm 27 in evening and morning prayer services, formally ushering in the High Holy Day Season. Shabbat Shalom!

Parashat Re’eh [Deuteronomy 11:26-16:17] is filled with interesting material, including the centralization of the cult in the Temple in Jerusalem, false prophets, dietary laws, the sabbatical year, and a holiday calendar. In our conversation this week we focused on simhah [joy], and how to understand the commandment to rejoice. We hope you are happy with it! Shabbat Shalom!!

Eytan interviewed by our own Solelim camper Rafi Carter

Parashat Va-et’hanan [Deuteronomy 3:23-7:11] features the Ten Commandments and the 1st paragraph of the Shema, to which we customarily refer as the Shema and Ve-ahavta. There are also a number of p’suqim [verses] which made their way into the liturgy. And there is still more. For example, the discerning reader/listener will note that part of the reading will seem familiar, due to the fact that it is the Tisha B’Av morning reading. Off hand, I believe this is the only time a Shabbat Torah Reading includes a Torah Reading for a special occasion earlier in the week. Despite the richness of the parashah, we spent most of our time talking about Tisha B’Av, the Jewish national day of mourning, since we recorded Thursday afternoon. Near the end we worked in the parashah, discussing Moses’ final plea to God to be allowed to enter the Promised Land. With Tisha B’Av now behind us, we look forward to Shabbat Nahamu [haftarah from Isaiah 40:1-26, which has its own riches]. We have progressed another major step towa

Josh Archibald (Gesher '26) interviews Winnie Sandler Grinspoon, president of the Harold Grinspoon Foundation, in the studio of Radio Kol Ramah, Camp Ramah in the Berkshires.

This week is Shabbat Hazon, taking its name from the opening word of the Haftarah [Isaiah 1:1-27], the 3rd haftarah of admonition or rebuke before Tisha B’Av. The Torah reading is parashat D’varim [Deuteromonomy 1:1-3:22], the 1st parashah in Sefer Devarim [Book of Deuteronomy]. As Jeffrey Tigay outlines Deuteronomy in his JPS Torah Commentary, the parashah consists of a Prologue [1:1-5] and the beginning of the 1st Discourse [Deuteronomy 1:6-4:43], which will conclude in next week’s parashah. It seems an odd way to begin the book, so we used most of our time to situate the book in the context of the Torah but also in the context of other great speeches [Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address and King’s I Have a Dream Speech]. The conversation meandered perhaps more that usual, even for us; we hope you like it! Shabbat Shalom!!

Great interview by Tess Kenter of Amy Skopp Cooper on Camp Ramah!

Parashat Matot-Masei [Numbers 30:2-36:13] is the double portion that concludes our reading of the Sefer B’midbar [Book of Numbers]. As befits a double portion, the longest Torah reading of the year, it is filled with a variety of material, including the annulment of oaths and vows made by women at the beginning of Matot [Numbers 30:2-17] and the itinerary of wilderness journeys [Numbers 33:1-49] at the beginning of Masei, among other passages of great interes. A perhaps minor note about this wilderness itinerary is the associated command [33:2] to record them in writing. We spent almost our entire conversation on the phenomenon of writing in the ancient world and why this particular passage required a written record. We hope you enjoy it. Shabbat Shalom!

Parashat Pinchas [Numbers 25:10-30:1] has a lot of interesting material, such as the denoument to the Pinchas episode from last week [25”10-18], the daughters of Zelophechad receiving the inheritance from their father [27:1-11], and the holodiay readings [28:1-30:1], But since this Shabbat is July 4th, the 250th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, we devoted the show to the religious significance of that event and how we might mark the day religiously. Occasionally we made connections to the parashah as well! Shabbat Shalom and Happy Birthday America!

Rabbis Eliot Malomet, Barry Chesler and Jeremy Kalmanofsky. The double parashah Chukat-Balak [Numbers 19:1-25:9] is rich with interesting material, including the red heifer [Numbers 19], Moses & The Rock [Numbers 20:1-13], the prophet Balaam and the scene with the talking donkey [Numbers 22-24], and the first half of the story about Pinchas [Numbers 25:1-19]. We find it difficult to pass up any opportunity to discuss Moses & The Rock, and it is to that story that we devoted most of our conversation. This morning Jeremy’s grandson, Eliyahu Aviv, was welcomed into the covenant of Abraham. Mazal Tov! Shabbat Shalom!!

Parashat Korach [Numbers 16-18] is described by Jacob Milgrom as “Encroachment on the Tabernacle”. We know it better as the multi-layered account of a series of rebellions, the best known of which is Korach’s rebellion. However, the discerning reader can identify relatively easily 2 or 3 more, each distinguished by a different rebel or set of rebels, and a different object. Korach himself is unhappy that Moses has received the leadership position and Aaron the priesthood; he makes the claim that all the people is holy. We discuss the character of Korach and how we best understand him: as a demagogue, as a person with a legitimate claim, or perhaps some mixture of the two. The good news this week, and the reason for the delay of our podcast, is the birth yesterday of Jeremy’s [and Amy’s] first grandchild, a boy. Mazal tov to both sets of grandparents [Ira and Sheri Balsam], and of course the parents, Didi and Ariel Kalmanofsky.

The main story in parashat Sh’lach [Numbers 13:1-15:41] is the tragedy of the spies. In some ways, this sin, the failure of the Israelites to recognize that their destiny is to conquer the land no matter what the odds, is their greatest sin. For the rabbis, there seems to be little question, for they associate the sin of the spies with Tisha B’Av, the worst day on the Jewish calendar, whereas the sin of the Golden Calf is associated with the 17th of Tammuz, a prelude to Tisha B’Av. The verb la-tur, “to seek out, spy out, explore”, which is repeated many times througout the narrative of the spies, is picked up in the final section of the parashah, which we know as the third paragraph of the Sh’ma. There, the tzitzit, the ritual fringes, are intended to prevent Israelites from being led astray by their hearts and eyes. In a sense, this paragraph comes to remind us that the very act of la-tur, seeking out, is fraught with danger. Whether the initial command comes from God or Mose, or even the people themsel

Parashat B-ha’alotcha [Numbers 8:1-12:16] is a particularly rich parasha, with passages about, among other things, the menorah, the second Passover for those unable to make the Passover sacrifice in Nisan, the trumpets whose blasts would summon the people to act in certain prescribed ways, and various complaints by Moshe and the people whose resolution required divine intervention. Our conversation focused on the second Passover [9:1-14] and the trumpets [10:1-10]. Feel free to leave comments below. Shabbat Shalom!

Parashat Naso [Numbers 4:21-7:89] features, among other things, the law of the suspected adulteress [sotah in Hebrew], the nazir [the person who seeks more piety than is required by normative biblical law], and the gifts of the chieftains in chapter 7, at 89 verses the longest in the Torah. Between the laws of the nazir and the gifts of the tribal chieftains we find a passage of 6 verses which contain the priestly blessing [Numbers 6:22-27]. This passage is perhaps the earliest liturgy in the Bible since its use as a liturgy is as it appears in the Torah. The Shma, in contrast, which is also a very old liturgy, was cobbled together from 3 texts which serve a different function in the Torah than it does in the prayerbook. There are perhaps other texts similar to the priestly blessing, such as the recitation voer the first fruits [Deuteronomy 26:5-11] and the vidui ma’aser [the confession over the tithes], but it is fair to say that the priestly blessing has been in continual liturgical use from the days of

This Friday and Shabbat is the holiday of Shavuot, the Feast of Weeks, also known as Hag Ha-biqqurim, the pilgrimage of first fruits and z’man matan torateinu, the season of the giving of the Torah. As Jeremy explained the midrash, the rabbis were sensitive to the notion of the giving of the Torah, developing the idea that the Torah was not received until the time of Esther and Mordecai. You will have to listen to the show to find out how we unpacked this! Suffice it to say, our focus was on Shavuot; even though the Ten Commandments figured in our discussion, that passage is read on Friday. We did not get to the Torah Reading for Shabbat, which we last heard on the last day of Pesah. Hag Same’ah and Shabbat Shalom!

Parashat B’midbar [Numbers 1:1-4:20] is the first parashah in Sefer B’midbar [Book of Numbers]. There are a lot of names and numbers, the opening chapters detailing the census of the Israelites in the second month of the second year of their journey in the wilderness. There are numbers provided for each of the tribes, for each camp [3 tribes for each direction (east, south, west, and north)], and the beginning of the levitical census. As Jacob Milgrom makes clear in his JPS Commentary on the Book of Numbers, much can be learned from these names and number. Our focus was on the redemption of the 273 first-born who had to be redeemed because they did not have a corresponding Levite. While originally the first-born became the priest, the new law provided for the tribe of Levites to be designated as priests, necessitating that the first-born now be redeemed for 5 shekels so they could be desanctified as it were. Shabbat Shalom!

Parashat B’har-B’hukotai [Leviticus 25-27] is the concluding parashah of Sefer Va-yiqra [Book of Leviticus]. The parashah may be divided into three parts: 25:1-26:2, which Baruch Levine entitles “The Principles of Land Tenure”, 26:3-46, the “Epilogue of the Holiness Code”, featuring the tokheha [26:14-45] often translated as reproof [Levine’s preferred term is “execration”], and chapter 27, “Funding the Sanctuary”. We spent a lot of time exploring the meaning of the sabbatical and jubilee years described in chapter 25. Shabbat Shalom!