Stuff You Missed In History Class

Charles Nessler is usually credited with inventing the permanent wave in the early 1900s. And he made a huge fortune from it, while also bolstering a huge beauty industry. Research: Bedi, Joyce. “GERMANY | Charles (Karl) Nessler.” Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation. Smithsonian National Museum of American History. June 3, 2021. https://invention.si.edu/node/29205/p/732-germany-charles-karl-nessler Hellman, Geoffrey T. “Profiles: Hair Scientist.” The New Yorker. April 29, 1933. https://archives.newyorker.com/newyorker/1933-04-29/flipbook/020/ Larkin, Theresa. “From straight to curly, thick to thin: Here's how hormones and chemotherapy can change your hair.” MedicalExpress. Jan. 14, 2024. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-01-straight-curly-thick-thin-hormones.html “115 Years of Long-Lasting Curls: The History and Rebirth of the Perm.” Estetica Magazine. Feb. 8, 2022. https://www.esteticamagazine.com/2022/02/08/111-years-of-long-lasting-curls-the-history-and-rebirth-of-the-perm/ Marsden

His name is now a term that means traitor. That’s because after two decades of working for the Norwegian government in various roles, he collaborated with Hitler and the Nazi party, welcomed the German occupation of his country. Research: “Biddle Tells Quisling His Power Wanes.” The Herald Press. April 1, 1943. https://www.newspapers.com/image/363504037/?match=1&terms=vidkun%20quisling Boszhardt, Alianna. “The Making of a Norwegian Traitor, Part one of four.” The Norwegian American. March 20, 2018. https://www.norwegianamerican.com/the-making-of-a-norwegian-traitor/ Boszhardt, Alianna. “The Making of a Norwegian Traitor, Part two of four.” The Norwegian American. April 3, 2018. https://www.norwegianamerican.com/the-making-of-a-norwegian-traitor-2/ Boszhardt, Alianna. “The Making of a Norwegian Traitor, Part three of four.” The Norwegian American. April 17, 2018. https://www.norwegianamerican.com/the-making-of-a-norwegian-traitor-3/ Boszhardt, Alianna. “The Making of a Norwegian Traitor, Part four of four

This 2011 episode, previous hosts Deblina and Sarah take a look at why four different warships from around the world went down, and why they were built In the first place. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tracy and Holly talk about traveling for live shows, and the ways people often pick apart things people say to find hidden meaning. They also discuss the ways that humans process information about disease. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Two of the eponymous diseases in this episode are transmitted through incredibly casual exposure. The third requires more prolonged, direct contact with someone who is acutely ill, but can still spread really rapidly in certain conditions.  Research: Breman, Joel G et al. “Discovery and Description of Ebola Zaire Virus in 1976 and Relevance to the West African Epidemic During 2013-2016.” The Journal of infectious diseases vol. 214,suppl 3 (2016): S93-S101. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiw207 Center for Disease Control "Morbidity and mortality weekly report, Vol. 25, no. 32, August 20, 1976" vol. 25, no. 32, 1976 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) "Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Vol. 25, no. 30, August 6, 1976" vol. 25, no. 30, 1976 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) "Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Vol. 25, no. 31, August 13, 1976" vol. 25, no. 31, 1976 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) "Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Vol. 25, no. 34, September 3, 19

This episode was recorded live at the Indiana History Center, where one of their current exhibits is about Gene Stratton-Porter, a best-selling writer, illustrator, nature photographer, naturalist, and film producer. Research: Aalto, Kathryn. "THE LEGEND OF LIMBERLOST: A PATCH OF INDIANA WILDERNESS FULFILLS THE VISION OF AN OVERLOOKED AMERICAN NATURALIST, GENE STRATTON-PORTER." Smithsonian, vol. 50, no. 10, Mar. 2020, pp. 56+. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A617619457/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=1e942034. Accessed 8 July 2024. Aldridge, Ann and Nancy B. Carlson, editors. “Gene Stratton-Porter: Voice of the Limberlost.” Ball State University. 1996 and 2001. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvOWDOfxbLw Armitage, Kevin. “On Gene Stratton Porter's Conservation Aesthetic.” Environmental History , Jan., 2009, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Jan., 2009). https://www.jstor.org/stable/25473331 Asian American Riverside. “Her Father's Daughter and anti-Japanese Legislation.” California Counci

This 2014 episode covers the Teatro alla Scala, one of the most renowned opera houses in the world. It's Italy's crown jewel of the arts, and even if you have only a passing knowledge of opera, odds are, you know a name connected to the history of this legendary cultural hub.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Holly talks about stories from Henri Charpentier's life that didn't make it into the latest eponymous foods episode. She and Tracy also talk about the Domesday Book and stories about time travel. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Domesday Book sounds ominous, but it was actually a data gathering project that was compiled in the 11th century at the behest of William the Conqueror.  Research: Barlow, Frank. "William I". Encyclopedia Britannica, 13 May. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-I-king-of-England Baxter, Stephen. “Getting Domesday done: a new interpretation of William the Conqueror’s survey.” Oxford University Press Blog. Feb. 12, 2021. https://blog.oup.com/2021/02/getting-domesday-done-a-new-interpretation-of-william-the-conquerors-survey/ Baxter, Stephen. “How and Why Was Domesday Made?” The English Historical Review, Volume 135, Issue 576, October 2020, Pages 1085–1131, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/ceaa310 Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Domesday Book". Encyclopedia Britannica, 15 Jul. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Domesday-Book Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Harold II". Encyclopedia Britannica, 29 May. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Harold-II Cartwright, Mark. "

This edition of Eponymous Foods features a beautiful dessert, some myth busting about a very common food’s invention, and a very sweet finish with a much-loved candy.  Research: “160 Years of Neuhaus History.” Neuhaus Chocolates. https://www.neuhauschocolates.com/en_US/history/History.html Beaton, Paula. “The Origin of the Crepe is Shrouded in Mystery.” The Daily Meal. June 3, 2023. https://www.thedailymeal.com/1302745/origin-crepes/ “Belgian Pralines: A sweet but not so short history.” Discover Benelux. https://www.discoverbenelux.com/belgian-pralines-a-sweet-but-not-so-short-history/ Charpentier, Henri and Boyden Sparkes. “Life à la Henri: Being the Memories of Henri Charpentier.” Modern Library. 2001. Fertel, R. “praline.” In “The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets.” Oxford University Press. 2015. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10 Grosley, Pierre Jean, and Thomas Nugent (tr). “A Tour to London, Volume I.” Lockyer Davis. 1772. Accessed online: https://archive.org/details/bim_eighteenth-century_a-to

This 2019 episode covers Jeanne Baret, the first woman known to circumnavigate the globe. Her work took her to places that were totally unexpected for someone of her gender and economic class in the 18th century.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Holly and Tracy talk through the problematic aspects of Harriet Strong's life. and share their thoughts about the Olympics as spectators. They also talk about art as an Olympic competition.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Over the course of the modern Olympics, there have been a number of sports that have been added and struck from the roster. Today we’ll talk about a few of them, several of which are one-timers. Research: “Antwerp 1920: tug of war and a 72-year-old medalist.” Olympics.com. https://olympics.com/en/news/antwerp-1920-tug-of-war-and-a-72-year-old-medallist “Blast from the past: plunging in St Louis.” Olympics.com. https://olympics.com/en/news/blast-from-the-past-plunging-in-st-louis Bosco, Nicole. “Why aren't baseball and softball in the 2024 Paris Summer Olympic Games?” Microsoft Start. July 3, 2024. https://www.msn.com/en-us/sports/other/why-aren-t-baseball-and-softball-in-the-2024-paris-summer-olympic-games/ar-BB1pll7T Brief, Sam. “In With the New: What are the new sports and events at the 2024 Paris Olympics?” NBC. June 24, 2024. https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/new-what-are-new-sports-and-events-2024-paris-olympics Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Athens 1896 Olympic Games". Encyclopedia Britannic

Harriet Williams Russell Strong was quite a powerhouse of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Not only did she manage to dig herself out of an unfortunate situation when her fortunes changed at the age of 39, she was also an inventor, and an early proponent of water conservation. Research: Albertine, Susan. “Self Found in the Breaking: The Life Writings of Harriet Strong.” Biography, vol. 17, no. 2, 1994, pp. 161–86. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23539669 Apostol, Jane. “Harriet Russell Strong: Horticulturalist, Conservationist, and Feminist.” California History, vol. 85, no. 2, 2008, pp. 50–65. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/25139149 “City in the Grasp of Swirling Water.” Los Angeles Times. Feb. 19, 1914. https://www.newspapers.com/image/380229853/?match=1&terms=%E2%80%9CCity%20in%20the%20grasp%20of%20swirling%20water%E2%80%9D “Flood Subsiding; Near End.” Los Angeles Express. Feb. 21, 1914. https://www.newspapers.com/image/607900618/?terms=flood “Harriet Russell Strong.” Lemelson-MIT. https://l

This 2012 episode from prior hosts Sarah and Deblina explains how the 1900 Paris Olympics are considered some of the strangest. Many of the events were so under-promoted, the athletes competing in them didn't know they were even in the Olympics.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Holly and Tracy discuss the challenge of understanding concepts in fields outside their own. They also talk about memories from their previous separate trips to Iceland. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Laki Fissure Eruption was a volcanic event in Iceland in 1783 lasted for months, leading to the deaths of thousands of people and affecting the climate in a lot of the world. Research: “Laki Fissure Eruption, 1783.” URI Graduate School of Oceanography. https://volcano.uri.edu/lava/LakiEruption/Lakierupt.html Barone, Jennifer. “World Versus the Volcano.” Discover. Mar 2007, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p20-20. Brahic, Catherine. “Giant eruptions in Iceland led to Nile famine.” New Scientist. 11/23/2006. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn10649-giant-eruptions-in-iceland-led-to-nile-famine/ Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Laki". Encyclopedia Britannica, 16 Oct. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/place/Laki. Accessed 2 July 2024. Casey, Joan A. et al. “Sun smoke in Sweden: Perinatal implications of the Laki volcanic eruptions, 1783–1784.” Epidemiology. 2019 May ; 30(3): 330–333. doi:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000977. Grattan, John and Mark Brayshay. “An Amazing and Portentous Summer: Environmental and Social Re

John Venn created the Venn diagram, and though he’s an important figure in the fields of mathematics and logic, he eventually left that work behind to write historical accounts of the places and people that were important in his life. Research: Baron, Margaret E.. “A Note on the Historical Development of Logic Diagrams: Leibniz, Euler and Venn.” The Mathematical Gazette, vol. 53, no. 384, 1969, pp. 113–25. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/3614533 Bassett, Troy J. "Author: Susanna Carnegie Venn." At the Circulating Library: A Database of Victorian Fiction, 1837—1901, 3 June 2024, http://www.victorianresearch.org/atcl/show_author.php?aid=661 com Editors. “John Venn Biography.: A&E. April 2, 2014. https://www.biography.com/scientists/john-venn Boyer, Carl B.. "Leonhard Euler". Encyclopedia Britannica, 21 Jun. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonhard-Euler Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Boolean algebra". Encyclopedia Britannica, 14 May. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Boolean-alge

This 2020 episode covers the path of beekeeping from its global origins thousands of years ago to modern square hives and beekeepers in white suits and big veiled hats. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tracy talks about how and why the Unearthed episodes are structured into categories. There's also discussion of how to manage a visit to the Louvre, and the use of the George Washington cherries. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.